On August 1, 2025, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit upheld a temporary restraining order (TRO) that blocks the Trump administration's immigration enforcement tactics in Southern California. The court found that federal agents conducted stops and arrests based solely on factors such as race, language, location, and occupation, without reasonable suspicion, violating the Fourth Amendment's protections against unreasonable searches and seizures.

Photo credit: Deja Nebula sets up an art installation in Los Angeles displaying the names and faces of people who have been detained, deported or sent to offshore camps during immigration raids in Southern California. (Damian Dovarganes/AP)